Review Questions

1. True/False Leishmania species are extracellular pathogens?
   
   
2. Where are Leishmania species, and consequently the disease, endemic? Circle all that apply.
   Australia
   Middle East
   Regions around the Mediterranean Sea
   North America
   Central and South America
   Asia
   Africa
   Northern Europe
   
   
3. What is the name of the human disease caused by Leishmania species?
   
   
4. Name the different types of Leishmaniasis. Which is the most severe? Which is the most mild?
   
   
5. True/False Leishmania only undergoes human-to-human transmission.
   
   
6. When a human gets infected with a Leishmania species, it replicates in this cell type.
   
   
7. What is the vector for disease transmission of Leishmaniasis?
   
   
8. True/False Each specific species of sand fly is associated with a specific species of Leishmania.
   
   
9. Circle the forms that have been observed for Leishmania.
   Epimastigote
   Deltamastigote
   Metayclic promastigote
   Metacyclic amastigote
   Amastigote
   Procyclic promastigote
   Picyclic amastigote
   
   
10. Changes in the molecule lipoposphoglycan (LPG) are involved in the transition from what form to what form?
    
    
11. How do Leishmania species invade macrophages?
    
    
12. Why is it difficult to control Leishmaniasis disease spread?